Do You Like the Ending of the A Question of Dowry or Cat in the Rain

Do you handle the ending of the a question of constituent or cat in the rain. Give reasons to support your answer. What do you think will happen to Sivasothie or the Ameri dejection girl. I like the ending of the a question of dowry because Sivasothie shouldnt marry to such a materialistic spell like Thirulchelvam even though she like him so much. Thirulchelvam only wanted the dowry that had promised by Mr and Mrs Ramachandran which were a effectuate of land and gold necklace. If Sivasothie married with such man, she was definitely couldnt suffer a blissful marriage.Sivasothie might be very sad when she knew that Thirulchelvam slangt want to marry with her. But, she should feel lucky that she could know the professedly face of Thirulchelvam before they get marry because he would not be the guy who can give a blissful marriage to her. alike that, Sivasothie should strengthen her self-esteem and not be a subservient woman anymore. She should have the power to choose the guy that she really feels that are commensurate for her until the rest of her life and not compliance with her parents choice.This is because her parents are too hardheaded and just care ab fall out the status of their future son-in-law. They had ignored the approximately important part which is the true heart of the man towards their daughter. Therefore, Sivasothie should broaden her order of life to get know more of friends and increase her self-esteem as well as her communication skills. Indirectly, these might help her to voice out her opinion and not to be a subservient woman anymore. If she can improve herself, sure she will find a better man to marry to. (251 words)

This Is Water Reaction

Commentary and reaction to David Foster Wallaces This is weewee This speech was clear and direct to the point, especially both parables David told. He did non force his ideas he merely explained his realizations and suggested actions. It is how he said it though, that made me essential to listen to him more. I sthrongly agree with the suggestion of taking the spotlight remote from ourselves and our misfortunes and pointing it towards other things and people we encounter. Some people are really egotist to care about others and their problems (which are probably worse than theirs).This type of selfish thinking affects our mood in a way where it may give away our happiness. His speech raised my awareness on the arrogance of some people, and of mine too at times. He talked about learning to think, learning to run what you think. I feel that that is a step close to being a more positive and happy person. If you submit yourself to negativity, it will ruin you. We guard choices its just a matter of making the right unmatched non only for you but for everyone involved.What struck me the most was what he called the bang-up T Truth which is what matters life before death. His message was to not annoy to a routine just because you are afraid of change. Do not be dull, be alive. The major lesson I took from his speech was to enjoy every experience life offers us to make the most of our lives instead of hold in the fast lane which will cause us to bequeath what and how things happened. Our lives are limited and so we shouldnt make the least of it by worrying about mishaps and troubles. If we do, then that is truly a life wasted.

Written Words Used as Propaganda

Written Word Used as Propaganda The narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave is an account of Frederick Douglass life pen in a in truth detached and objective tone. One might find this normal for a historical account of the planets of someones life if not for the particular that the narrative was create verbally by Frederick Douglass himself. Frederick Douglass used this tone markfully in an attempt to use his narrative as propaganda to convince others to join in the abolitionists movement.According to Donna Woolfolk Cross in Propaganda How not to be Bamboozled, propaganda is simply a federal agency of vista (149). She further notes that we are subjected nonchalant to propaganda in one form or another as advertisers, politicians, and even our friends attempt to persuade us to use their product, vote for them, or embroil their point of view. Propaganda is usually considered in a negative sense. However, when viewing propaganda as just persuasion, one ca n hearily appreciate that it is neither penny-pinching nor evil the good/evil frame is the direct result of the purpose for which it is used.Politicians and leaders have used propaganda to further their goals Hitlers use of propaganda as a means of controlling the population of Germany is the close to recognizable guinea pig of propaganda used for evil. Martin Luther Kings I Have a hallucination speech, in which he urges non-violent resistance in the cause of racial equality, portrays persuasion used with good intentions. Although speeches are highly telling at delivering ideas, the indite word can be even more influential. In the early on days of America, literature was used extensively as a means of persuasion.As early as 1589 Richard Hakluyt published stories in a criminal record he wrote for the sole purpose of persuading people to sail to America and purpose land. These stories which were t grey to Hakluyt by captains and sailors appeared to be straightforward and na rrative, however Hakluyt edited each gash so that he was able to successfully persuade the people who read his stories to sail to America and settle the land thus securing critical inherent resources for England. Such was the goal with the story of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave.Douglass objective was to allurement to the middle-class people of that time and persuade them to join in the movement. Although the Narrative was ostensibly write to fold up that Douglass had actually been a slave, Douglass, working for the abolitionist group headed by William Lloyd Garrison, wrote for a specific earreach white prude Christians whom the abolitionists hoped to convert to their way of thinking. Thus, what began as a telling of his life experiences evolved into a tool of persuasion. As with all propaganda, Douglass Narrative lay offs certain elements that appeal to the sensations of the reader.Douglass theme style was descriptive as well as persuade. This emotional feature allows the writer to sway the opinion of the reader. His awful details of the time, helped him grasp the help of the women who he hoped in turn would convince their husbands to help, by donating money and at long last ending slavery. He used his words effectively in convincing the readers that the slave averers were inhuman and showed how they had no feelings for other human beings as homely when he wrote The louder she screamed the harder he whipped and where the blood ran fastest, there he whipped longest (Douglass25).Although a self-taught writer and orator, Douglass makes use of sophisticated elements of persuasive paper. Simultaneously, he chooses these events for how they will need the Northern audiences opinion of S fall outhern slaveholders. Considering the fact that this was written during the height of the abolition movement the novel had to be effective in order to advance the success of the movement.The distant tone was effective because if Douglass had w ritten with an impassioned tone, readers would have noticed it and simply wrote it off as a biased work, unable to see the issue from both sides. Through ain anecdotes, Douglass draws an accurate picture of slave life. Douglass also shows that slavery was not a constant source of pain and suffering I was not old enough to work in the cranial orbits, and there being little else than report work to do, I had a great deal of leisure time, (Douglass 71).This is effective in proving his point because it allows him to show the whole of slavery and not be biased in his views. Douglass uses family relationships, starting with his own birth, to gain the compassion of his betoken audience. Frequently, before the electric razor has reached its twelfth month, its mother is taken from it, and hired out on some farm a considerable distance off, and the child is placed under the care of an old woman, too old for field labor (749).Douglass mentions this particular anecdote to specifically capt ure the compassion of his targeted audience white women. In Douglass autobiography however, the elements alone do not prove his intent to write for any reason other than to prove his flat coat as a slave and defend his credibility against the critics of the abolitionists that charge that Douglass could neer have been born a slave as he claimed (McKivigan 18). The most convincing argument for the contention that this was written as propaganda is the manner in which the persuasive elements are used.The body of the narrative is written in a simple and straightforward manner the story is told quite matter-of-factly, even the horrific scenes of the cruel beatings and killings of slaves. This lack of histrionics is true even when the targets of the overseers whips are Douglass own family members. Yet, when Douglass speaks of Southern Christianity defending slavery, he works himself into a fury of emotion and uses the more obvious elements of propaganda. When he writes of the religious p ractices and hypocrisy of the same slaveholders, he again reverts to persuasive rhetoric.Some chapters are genuine throughout, while others contain much propaganda. One segment in particular, that having to do with the fate of his grandmother, is written in a style that is not consistent with the rest of the book. Rather, extremely histrionic, in which the believable, factual Douglass disappears, and is replaced by someone writing solely for effect My dear old grandmother, whom you turned out like an old provide to die in the woods-is she still alive?.. Send me my grandmother (Preston 167).It appears that Frederick Douglass did set off his autobiography with the intention of writing his story in a hardheaded manner the basic narrative bears that out. But in the course of writing his intent strayed, and he became aware of the power that could be unleashed by fervour the emotions of readers. Undoubtedly encouraged in his use persuasive rhetoric on an oratory level, he eventually created a masterpiece of propaganda. Works Cited Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. New York Signet, 1968. Douglass, Frederick. A Slaves Family Life. Thinking and Writing almost Literature. A Text and Anthology. Ed. Michael Meyer. New York Bedford/St. Martins, 2001. 749. Cross, Donna Woolfolk. Propaganda How not to be Bamboozled. Language Awareness. Ed. capital of Minnesota Escholz, et al. New York St Martins Press, 1994. 149. McKivigan, John R. , ed. Frederick Douglass. People Who Made History. Michigan Greenhaven Press/doubting Thomas Gale, 2004. Preston, Dickson J. Young Fredrick Douglass The Maryland Years. Baltimore The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980.

Ralph Waldo Emerson Essay

Ralph Waldo Emerson was born into a pre-determined life. His drive was a minister, so he was already set to become a minister. However, Emerson didnt believe in organized religion. This was the close that he became a transcendentalist and wrote his search Self Reliance. In 1817, Emerson attended Harvard College where he initiatory began to formulate his ideas that were portrayed in his most famous canvass. In his essay, Emerson uses twain principal(prenominal) strategies to persuade his readers. These strategies were anecdotal stories and reasons leap outed by point.Throughout his essay, Emerson uses anecdotes as his main strategy for persuasion. For example, he reassures an anecdote about when he was a child. When he was a child, he expressed his true beliefs to a final stage adult. When asked how he knows that his beliefs bent from the devil, Emerson responds by facial expression, They do non seem to me to be such but if I am the Devils child, I en invest live then f rom the Devil. In this response he is saying even if his beliefs are from the Devil, it doesnt matter. This is what he believes in and nothing stick out change that.This idea was Emersons main virtue that he lived by and wanted others to live by religion thyself. Emersons anecdotes prove to be a in truth effective way to persuade his readers to believe in his ideas. The anecdotes in this essay are so effective because the reader is up to(p) to connect with him, and place themselves in his shoes. The anecdotes are also effective because they are a portal into Emersons life. Instead of just listing facts and statistics, Emerson chooses to tell stories about his life. This on the wholeows his readers to connect with him on a personal level and the readers direct a gruelinger emotional connection with Emerson.another(prenominal) strategy that Emerson uses is reasons supported by evidence. This strategy is also effective because it gives the reader a reason wherefore they should trust themselves, and then supports the reason with evidence to show why the reason is true. For example, he says that if people dont trust themselves, then they will feel guilty and ashamed. This is the reason Emerson gives of why people need to trust themselves, and then he supports the reason with evidence by saying that it is a waste of time to want what thers want and envy is ignorance imitation is self-destruction.He also says that to be truly blissful, a man moldiness accept himself for better and for worse. This evidence supports the reason that people should be happy with themselves the way they are. Emersons strategy of reasons supported by evidence is precise effective because it gives the reader concrete evidence. The evidence supports the reason, and the reason supports the overall claim. The reasons and evidence are logical appeals which appeal to the readers good grit this also makes the strategy effective.It is hard to argue when Emerson gives many concrete reason s to support his claim and then backs it up with even more evidence. Although Emersons essay Self Reliance has many good strategies and qualities, it also has some weaknesses. The essay is aimed at a small audience, educated white males. If he were to clear-cut the essay up to a broader audience, he would be able to circularise his idea more effectively. For example if women were also targeted in the essay, then Emersons ideas would be spread to almost twice as many people. Another weakness in the essay is the overall claim.He says that people should trust themselves. This claim has no qualifiers therefore Emerson is saying that people should trust themselves, always. This is not always true. Yet another weakness in the essay is that Emerson uses mostly anecdotal evidence. Although the anecdotes prove to be effective, the evidence inside of them is not all that concrete. The claims he makes in these anecdotes are not as strong as they could be if he had more of a variety of strat egies to support his claims. Ralph Waldo Emersons essay Self Reliance tells its readers to trust themselves.He says that every midpoint vibrates to this iron string. Emerson uses many strategies in his essay however the two main strategies are anecdotes and reasons supported by evidence. Both of these strategies prove to be very effective on the reader. The anecdotes allow the reader to connect with Emerson, and have strong emotional appeals on the reader. While the reasons supported by evidence open the readers logic and give concrete examples that support his claim. autonomy is a well written essay that persuades its readers to listen and trust themselves.

Balancing On-line College Studies, Work, and Personal Relationships

Balancing On-line College Studies, Work, and Personal Relationships On-line college studies fiddle onwards various challenges for a student as the concept of quantify whitethorn easily be disregarded or forgotten along with problems regarding distractions and the wiz of posture (Online Study Techniques). In this sense, if a student also takes into status pressing issues such as those that stem from act as, family, and friends, then the difficulty of successfully completing on-line college studies become even so worse.However, the presence of such problems, difficulties, and challenges does not mean that every student going done on-line college studies has a myriad of exc workouts so as not to excel in their educational pursuit. In fact, returnn up the right mind set and the right sexual climax in finality making, it is most likely that a student pull up stakes be able to optimally accomplish each occupation in his or her on-line studies part still being able to carr y through at work and maintain relations with family and friends.Personally, I incorporate concepts of condemnation circumspection and useful prioritization in order to attain economical decision making. As mentioned, in decision making, I utilize effective prioritization in order to come up with the best possible options for a given view. In this sense, I build up a hierarchy of considerations and events which whitethorn come up and how I should perceive each and every situation given if such situations overlap. In addition, I also develop a sense of hierarchy in relation to studies, work, friends, and family.Although it may seem that such an approach seems to be quite effective and one may bring up questions as to why even though people play to call for a similar approach exactly fail at decision making. The answer is quite simple, the reason for the inability to utilize prioritization as a tool for guiding decision making is not rigorously followed and such individuals op t to choose the easier or more pleasurable choices or else of selecting the more of import tasks.In my case though, I prioritize and shape agree to which choice would bring the most positive effects. To expound upon the potential use of effective prioritization in cost of decision making, it is only proper to wrangle through the use of specific utilisations. In this sense, a good example comes in the form of accomplishing additional tasks at work which basically translates into a bigger payout while also considering the progress through on-line studies and coursework.Considering that I already live a stable amount of funds and have a good amount of saving, then working for additional hours even though additional pay is given would not have been an efficient choice since technically my funds are already in glut. On the other hand, in relation to the on-line studies that have progressed slowly, allocating ample amounts of clock and effort for such will definitely be not an excess and if I really want to attain my specialized associates degree through distant learning, then I should spend more prison term to work on my studies.Hence, I chose to accomplish the latter option. However, sometimes one cannot obviously choose an option over another especially if one or more of the possible choices are with added urgency. Since it is quite often that I am placed in a situation wherein I have to decide between different possible tasks in which time is of the essence, I have developed a way to incorporate efficient time concern aside from effective prioritization into my decision making skills.To expound, efficient time management in my own perspective pertains to how the hours of the day or the days of the hebdomad are scheduled effectively in order to progress in my work and studies while still being a significant presence to my family and friends. Also, time management pertains to the reality that some decisions made or tasks accepted may be done on anot her day while some events cannot simply be accomplished if missed the first time around. In relation to prioritization though, not every opportunity or task that may not reoccur on a definite time is not always the best option so time management in relation to decision making.A good example for the use of efficient time management in relation to decision making is in terms of choosing between the options of attending the birthday of my beloved niece and continuing my on-line studies. In the situation, it is quite expected that the birthday party, along with the opportunity to greet her and give her a gift in person, would only occur at a specific time and date. Considering that I am lagging behind in terms of my on-line studies, I also thought about victimization my free time to catch up with the remaining coursework.Of course, thinking that my studies are more Copernican in the long run, and my niece would probably not hate me that much if I miss her birthday, my initial reaction was to just blockage at home and continue my studies. Later on, I gaind that if I missed the birthday then it might create an unavoidable try on between us. Taking into consideration that on-line studies are characteristically limber in nature and progress may be made at ones own pace, then I simply went to the birthday, stayed for a while, and later on went back home to finally continue the coursework that should be completed.Hence, both tasks were accomplished. The important aspect of the decision making process in this sense, is the capability to continue something to be done at a later time but still making sure that the postponed task is accomplished. In addition, it is also important to know which tasks should be conducted first and at the same time realize which tasks can really be set aside initially.In this sense, what works for me in person as discussed, is to utilize both time management and prioritization in decision making which tasks or events should be considere d to be done first. Of course, such a regularity has some negative points as well. In most cases though, from a in the flesh(predicate) standpoint, it is definitely useful to use efficient time management and effective prioritization in relation to decision making as reflected through the constancy of my personal relationships with family and friends, as well as good productivity at work and on my studies.

Cognitive Therapy Case Conceptualization

The client Elena Elena is an adolescent female, coming to the therapy process demonstrating by actions and language a great deal of anxiety and overall stolidity for her situation. Elena is a smart, socially engaged Mexican the Statesn attending public game school. She opens the session with presenting problems regarding conflict over what she might do after high-pitched school. Preliminary conceptualization from a cognitive berth Overall, there is an translucent feeling of disempowered regarding her right and or dexterity to make bread and butter decisions.She comes from a close-knit family, though some of her siblings pull in moved away to try out goals beyond those that they may feel their parents are putting upon them. She has lately begun to draw pedantically and socially as she feels the urgency of choosing to adhere to family impost or to go out on her make love, like her peers. though she says she has not yet made a decision, kat once that cognition mediates af fect and behavior (Friedburg 101).From this perspective a therapist might conclude that her recent apathy toward academics and isolating herself from her peers show that she indeed is letting the thoughts of I mustiness get word to my parents drive her life perspective. It is promising from a cognitive stand prognosticate, that she shows some green-eyed monster toward her boyfriend and others Perhaps the anger when discussing her family dynamics and recent history is closely telling that Elena could benefit from Becks Socratic dialogue.The pluralistic views that come from her possess identity within her bi paganism are strongly embedded, and the therapist demonstrated this by demonstrating lots of open straitss. Letting Elena focus on herself as an singular(a) rather than a Mexican-American could lead to meaningful exploration and collaborative cognitive change to help Elena feel more empowered.When counseling adolescents from a cognitive perspective the counselor must reme mber that under any batch this may be the first time that these clients might see their actions and behaviors, and suspicion the touchs that may have become embedded during childhood. Elena obviously needs a relatively short-term look into these feelings due to her grades slipping and applying for colleges, if she so chooses. petition a client what is going through your mind right now (Murdock 337) is unitary of the base approaches to bringning to help the client recognize their individual thought patterns.This is a question that is difficult for many adults, and though adolescents in general can be more open to change, Elenas worldview as a bi ethnic young woman is overpowering any other autoloading(prenominal) thoughts that she might have it is paganly appropriate for a young Mexican American to disregard her own thoughts and needs for the good of the familywhich Elena does in item voice (Rochlen 2009). As an observer to this case scenario, the argufy, due to age and cul ture, seems genuinely difficult. The video demonstrates this strong dodge Elena has developed that exudes this overwhelming disempowerment.I believe this schema of overall disempowerment is deeply embedded and will be difficult to repugn through cognitive therapy. Additionally, Mexican culture tends to see the counselor as expert and the collaborative facet of cognitive therapy may prove to be at the least uncomfortable for Elena, if not in importive. Elena may continue to desire on others to make decisions for her, to give her an unconditional guarantee (Corey 107), if this base belief cannot be penetrated due to adherence to cultural tradition, fear of change, or if Elena is unavailing to fetch to differentiate these automatic thoughts. Possible cognitive strategiesIn general, Hispanic Americans traditionally have strong family bonds and honor generational wisdom (Sue 377) Through the rate of flow political venue of the United States and popular culture, Mexican-Americans may fall predate to stereotypes and inherently feel a dis plug into or poor self-image American beliefs certainly account for this inner campaign Elena is feeling. Because this is pervasive and overarching in American culture where to begin with Elena in imperative. There is a lot seat these feelings, and as an adolescent who is struggling the counselor should take these omnipresent cultural truths into consideration.It is promising to me that Elena is already speaking almost her siblings I see this as an open door for initiating questions that challenge Elenas view of herself as a young Mexican American. I would certainly recognize Elenas licking and give lots of positive regard as she speaks close her presenting problem. Cognitively, I would go back to Elenas conversation regarding the varying paths her siblings have chosen. I would respect fully move through this aspect of cognitive therapy so as to not threaten Elenas loyalty to her family.Since Becks model is base on a l eading rather than a more confrontational approach, I would use this to my advantage to set aside her to explore her emotions about her siblings and their life choices. I see this as an aspect of Elenas life experience that may allow Elena to begin to explore self-identity outside of the effects of biculturalism. holding the central focus of thought exploration on how she might challenge her beliefs about her life choices through reflecting on her siblings life choices may be a practiced way to allow Elena to begin connecting the deeper thoughts behind her ability to make life choices.From a cognitive perspective and the lens of cultural identity, my goal for Elena would be for her to begin understanding that many are cladding overwhelming decisions within their own cultural context. At some point everyone must decide to respect family wishes or go out on her own. Elena would be challenged to explore the beliefs she holds regarding herself as a Mexican American she could begin t o see how the complex construct is not a means to an end. back up Elena expose automatic thoughts and change subsequent behaviors could serve to identify the struggle she will face as a bicultural woman in America today.Obviously, this grander focus this approach toward the big picture provides empowerment, but is daunting. Collaboratively, it would be specimen to praise Elena for exploring her identity on a grander scale. At this point, I would win Elena to do some homework Her recent social isolation undermines her stand system and exploration of self-identity. Many of her friends to do not sound as if they are struggling as bicultural adolescents Meeting with a Latino cultural group on her local college campus would be an ideal way to allow her to feel empowered as well as supported.I am sealed that many others have faced this kind of multicultural dilemma in their formative years, and have come up with myriad life choices. Though I can help Elena begin to understand and pos sibly question her core beliefs that drive her behaviors, she will need safe and pertinent slipway to explore them. Elena is a very intelligent young lady, and I do think from our observation that she inherently knows that as well.Finding go unders and people with whom she can identify will empower hernot pressuring her into making a decision about her next step in life with a goal toward earshot other stories of biculturalism in America and give her a comfortable place to explore her wishes for her own future and how she might find congruency between her choices and her heritage. I am certain that once her belief of what it means to be Mexican-American is challenged in some authentic way, she will begin to explore her automatic thoughts about cultural identity.My hope in working with Elena from a cognitive perspective is that she will begin to see her own identity and realize how her own thoughts had created a situation that most certainly is not the only workable scenario for h er path in life. Relevant multicultural considerations From the perspective of a bilingualist educator and a culturally aware individual, I was ultimately ineffectual to separate Elenas biculturalism from the cognitive approaches and questioning that I would practice with Elena.Though this aspect of Elenas life situation appears hopeless to her now, I believe through finding authentic ways to identify with successful, independent Mexican-Americans she might begin to expose the prevailing automatic thoughts leading her to these isolating, dichotomous conclusions. The last germane(predicate) multicultural aspect that I have not addressed is it would be imperative that I find an opportunity to speak with Elenas family, and connect them with other families who are raising children in a bicultural environment.This is ideal because Latino families need opportunities to be involved in the community and support one another in myriad ways. non-productive cognitive approaches Note how at th e seed of this integrated discourse regarding Elenas pull toward family tradition and sense of button for her dreams of going to college I was careful to note which door felt safe and respectful to collaboratively open with Elena.Siblings, cousins, aunts and uncles may stay out of family business much(prenominal) as the pressure from her mother, but it would be culturally insensitive for me to have Elena challenge her thoughts and risking her attaching them to family ties. That is already were Elena is, and traditionally Mexican-Americans see the counselor as expert, which could disengage long-standing family traditions and dynamics. I am convinced that approaching Elena through questions about herself, her riends, her academic life, and family would have made her feel that cognition is knowable and accessible, which is an underlying pes of Becks theory. If a counselor were to solely base their approach, without multicultural considerations, on cognitive therapy with Elena as an individual it could serve to not allow herself to fully feel her gracious emotions, nor to bring awareness that change is central to the human process.I do not think asking Elena to explain how her beliefs construct her human race without first finding meaningful ways for her to relate to others outside of herself could she effect any change at all. Cognitive therapy, through the lens of multiculturalism, must always consider the bigger picture of what their life perspective actually is If challenged directly about her mother Elena may have only foster solidified her commitment to fail at school to have a concrete reason to obey her parents.

Examine the theme of deception in Much ado about nothing Essay

The theme of deceit is observable throughout the whole p grade and it helps to propel the plot forward.At the fount of the play we ar introduced to the idea that there is a gap between illusion and reality when Claudio is described as having the figure of a lamb, the feats of a lion. Despite being youthful, he is deceptively strong.Furthermore, Lady Disdain is presented to the reference as a contented maid, cynical somewhat approve I would rather hear my dog bark at a exuberate than a man swear he loved me. And benedict is presented as a man who values his freedom and independence and proclaims that he would never succumb to spousals, he claims if he does his friends are free to pluck strike the bulls horns and plant them in my forehead. Both of these claims are false, as ironically, the two marry at the end of the play.The feuding pair, Beatrice and benedict form a platform for the theme of deception as beneath the antagonism and lampoon lies deep rooted emotions for each other. Their hatred is simply and illusion as a false face is presented to the world. Later in the play their love blossoms and Benedicks views are ironically transformed get thee a wifeDeception is further highlighted where tire out Pedro offers to woo hotshot on Claudios behalf. I will assume thy part in whatever disguise. Don Pedros dominance leaves the reticent Claudio no choice merely to accept his offer and under a mask he woos the unsuspecting mavin. Deception is used here to form relationships.Masks are used to sidestep illusion and reality in the ball Beatrice speaks openly about her thoughts on Benedick why he is the princes jester It is debatable whether Beatrice knows that Benedick is the stranger behind the mask but if she does happen to know this and so she is deceiving him to make a fool out of him.In a luminosity manner, Benedick and Beatrice are deceived into love by their matchmaking friends. In frivolous Messina the joy of courtship and matchmaking helps to highlight the trivial society in which they exist. Through eavesdropping they get a line to false claims about love. Claudio claims that Beatrice is sick in love with Signor Benedick and baits the fish as they reel him in with intrigue and swelling pride. Similarly, Beatrices friends hope that her ear lose nothing of the sweet bait we lay for it and both characters are tricked into love as their friends orchestrate a knavish plan.The most prevalent form of deception is used when the malevolent Don John uses deception to break the fragile relationship between Claudio and torpedo at the climatic point of the play. He uses the male fear of cuckoldry to fabricate and administer his plan. Through claiming, the lady is disloyal he deceives his brother and encourages Claudio to recall the innocent Hero is soiled deceit is used here to pervert an innocent maid.Rather that fall foul to the shame of infidelity, Claudio realityally shames Hero and refuses her on the basis that she is a rotten orange again suggesting that outside appearances can be deceptive and she is rotten at the core. This sparks a accelerator for further deceit where Hero fakes her death.False friendships between Claudio and Benedick are exposed I must discontinue your company. and the calm, tolerant Leonato is unveiled to crack a more aggressive and violent character who fears dishonour and public shame. hencelet her live he would rather his daughter die than face the public humiliation.The tangled web of deceit continues where Leonato insists that Claudio marry his niece who is infact the re-born and cleansed Hero of the story. Claudio is deceived into thinking that his bride is dead. His willingness to accept the unknown, Which is the lady I must seize upon? shows that marriage for social grace is more important than love but also shows his commitment to show remorse.Finally, the very language of Much Ado about Nothing helps to illuminate the key theme of deception as the show of t he aristocracy and the use of elaborate language encourages the audience to assume a moral and ordered society yet lurking beneath this lies sinister and baseless behaviour often born out of jealousy and desire.

Gender Roles in American Households Essay

The social pheno workforceon of changing sexual urge roles in American abodes is explored in this paper. be men and women sharing much equ eachy in assuming mob responsibilities? Do women still bear the majority of the business? How do backwash, metre, and pagan stoop hunt down a role in the division of bray in the mansion? I rent done investigate on the counterchange in sex activity roles among battalion of different ages, genders, and race. Data was amass to see if there is a difference in change surrounded by races, if there is a meaningful change in roles between generations, and if men and women view the change the same or differently.To gain the selective information I used surveying and interviewing as my research methodologies. These methods were used as they were the nearly practical ways to obtain lavish in public figureation needed to form conclusions. ovalbumin, Asiatic, and African Americans of both genders and diverse ages were surveyed and interviewed. I feel my research leave show that with each generation, as more(prenominal) women entered the incline force, the planetary houses of all races learn undergone significant change in which women and men ar sharing both establish and domestic duties more equitably.That be said, the distri andion of domestic chores does modify to firm stratification of gender roles. Both currently and historically race plays a role in that stratification. sexuality role research is socially relevant because each individual in a syndicate is wedge by it. Gender roles in the household can be a factor in whether a marriage is happy and successful. They also influence decision making in the family and parent and child kins. Researchers could use my data to delve deeper into the impact of gender roles in different types of households.Since everyone grows up in some type of household setting, the research could have far ambit implications for most of the population. The first re search method I choose to pull data is the survey. Using a survey to collect data allowed me to slip away a enceinte come of people. Family and friends helped in distributing and collecting the surveys. My parents reverse at a hospital, my Aunt is a teacher, and my friend attends a large university. That allowed me to expire the age companys, genders, and races I needed in order to collect luxuriant data.Included in my survey were both questions nearly today and ab by the past. In addition, using a survey allowed me to ask questions that were not unfastened ended and could easily be converted to statistical data. In the end, I had responses from a minimum of fifteen respondents in each of eighteen categories. The categories are Caucasian fe priapics ages 19-30, Caucasian males ages 19-30, Caucasian females ages 31-49, Caucasian males ages 31-49, Caucasian females ages 50 and above, Caucasian males age 50 and above, and the same for both African Americans and Asiatic Ameri cans.Because of the large number of groups I needed to collect data on, I felt up 15 individuals per category would be a large enough number to get a readative sample. I looked at the responses and felt I had a good sample. Had that not been the case, I would have sighted out more surveys. Included in the survey were questions on the household the psyche grew up in and questions about their household today. For example, respondents were asked if they were raised in a two parent seat. This is a question I checked the responses to when I determined if I had collected enough surveys.It was necessary to have enough positive answers to this question since gender roles is the issue I am flavour at. Also on the survey were questions asking your race and age, who you were raised by, if your beget spend a pennyed outside the home, percentage of division of household chores, and whether the perceived change in gender roles is positive. I did not have some(prenominal) problems with t he survey itself. The only difficulty was finding fifteen respondents for a few of the categories. The second research methodology I used was the interview.In interviewing I was hoping to be qualified to ask follow up questions and steer the interview in a direction that would supply me with the information I needed. The survey did not channel itself to follow up questions. In addition, participant observation and experimentation methodologies were not at all suited to investigate the question of changing household gender roles. I interviewed one person from each of the three races I was researching. In addition, each was from a different age category.All of the interviews were conducted each as I would not have wanted to inconvenience the people who were nice enough to enter. All were interviewed once in an informal expressive style since I believe that discussing your childhood and present home life is beat accomplished in a comfortable setting. I interviewed Dr. Espejo, a 49 year old of Asian decent by telephone as she was unavailable in person. Helen Bonokallie, a 24 year old of African decent was my second interview. I spoke with Helen at her impartplace as she works third shift and that was most convenient for her.My last interview was with Sylvia Johnson, a 66 year old Caucasian. I interviewed her in her nutriment room. I have known Sylvia my entire life and have a close personal bond with her. Aside from choosing my subjects for interviewing and directing the questions to get the answers I needed I did not shape the outcome of the interview. The survey results revealed some(prenominal) trends related to gender roles in American families. The avocation charts and statistical analysis help to clarify the collected data from the surveys.The three tables that follow represent each of the three races I surveyed. Each chart shows the three age groups surveyed and their responses to two questions. The first, as a child what percentage of household work was done by each of your parents? The second, in your home today, what percentage of household work is done by the male and what percentage is done by the female? Looking at the charts a few trends are seen. First, regard slight of race, the percentage of work done by the male is greater in the adult household as compared to the father in the childhood home.That indicates that with each generation gender roles in the home have changed. Ratio of CaucasianCaucasianCaucasianCaucasianCaucasianCaucasian work doneAge 19-30Age 19-30Age 31-49Age 31-49Age 50+Age 50+ femalemalechildhoodadultchildhoodadultchildhood adult In %householdhouseholdhouseholdhouseholdhouseholdhousehold 50-504%40%0%38%0%0% 60-400%40%4%31%0%40% 70-3012%20%15%23%0%40% 75-250%0%11%8%0%13% 80-2014%0%0%0%20%7% 85-1512%0%11%0%3%0% 90-1058%0%30%0%30%0% 95-50%0%11%0%27%0% 100-00%0%18%0%20%0%.Ratio of AsianAsianAsianAsianAsianAsian work doneAge 19-30Age 19-30Age 31-49Age 31-49Age 50+Age 50+ femalemalechildhoodadultchild hoodadultchildhood adult householdhouseholdhouseholdhouseholdhouseholdhousehold 50-500%26%0%0%0%0% 60-400%39%0%16%0%0% 70-307%30%0%36%0%28% 75-2510%0%0%12%0%0% 80-2023%5%17%24%3%22% 85-157%0%10%12%13%0% 90-1050%0%30%0%23%36% 95-50%0%30%0%25%0% 100-03%0%13%0%36%14% Ratio of African AfricanAfricanAfricanAfricanAfrican work doneAge 19-30Age 19-30Age 31-49Age 31-49Age 50+Age 50+ femalemalechildhoodadultchildhoodadultchildhood adult householdhouseholdhouseholdhouseholdhouseholdhousehold 50-500%0%0%0%0%6%.60-400%63%0%18%0%18% 70-3031%31%7%28%0%38% 75-2531%0%8%12%5%7% 80-2015%6%8%36%25%12% 85-150%0%23%0%0%0% 90-1023%0%46%6%30%19% 95-50%0%8%0%25%0% 100-00%0%0%0%15%0% In addition, under no circumstance did the males of any race or age perform more household work than the females. The data also shows that there is no difference in gender roles today among Caucasians, African Americans, and Asian Americans in the 19-30 age group. In the Asian American group of individuals fifty and older, 72% of women still do 80-100% of the household work today.In contrast, in the same age group, only 7% of Caucasian women and 31% of African American women perform 80-100% of household work. harmonise to the 2004 United States Census, 69% of Asians were born in another country (Lee and Pituc 2007). This is significant in that many older Asian-Americans adhere to traditional cultural values. traditionalistic Asian gender roles prescribe for women to place the role of wife and set out above all others men are expected to be the breadwinner and spokesperson.Asian cultural values consequently encourage distinct spheres for men and women and a gendered household division of labor in which the burden of household duties much(prenominal) as housekeeping tasks and childcare rest heavily on women (Lee and Pituc 2007 1). The following chart was compiled based on the survey question did your mother work outside the home? The y-axis is percentage of working mothers and the x-axis is the age of those surveyed. The graph shows that everywhere time more mothers have become workers outside the home.It also indicates that for all age categories 70% of African American women were in the workforce. Kane stated White women have a history of lower levels of labor force participation and high levels of economic dependence on men than do African-American women (2000 p. 421). This graph when looked at in conjunction with the 3 charts above shows a correlational statistics between women working outside the home and men giving more help around the house. The last survey question was do you hold the change in gender roles in the household is positive or negative. The results were 99% positive and 1% negative.The information obtained from my interviews mirrored the information I got from the surveys. Talking to Sylvia, the 66 year old Caucasian, the idea that generation and women in the workplace play a part in changing gender roles was reinforced. Sylvia related what her home was li ke as a child, indicating that household work was entirely done by her non-working mom. Her home on the other hand is different in that her husband does help out to some extent. She also said her childrens homes are even more equitable when it comes to dividing household chores.Dr. Espejos parents worked together and shared responsibilities in the home. It is the same in her home today, where she and her husband, both physicians, share household duties. Dr. Espejo stated that she feels sharing of household responsibilities strengthens the relationship between a husband and wife and between parents and children. This may be explained by a 2003 study conducted by Y. Espiritu. Trask (2006) states Based on an analyses of divers(a) studies of Asian-American families, Espiritu found that more educated couples tended to share and practice greater egalitarian relationships within households.While women still performed more of the housework, their husbands did participate in all aspects of family work. This increased participation by men may be explained ascribable to an equal monetary contribution from men and women which led to wives successfully forcing their husbands to participate in domestic chores. (P. 4) In my interview with Helen, she pointed out that sharing responsibility around the house helps to equalize the stress between both male and female.In the African- American household she grew up in her father did the prep and laundry while her mother cleaned and helped the children with homework. A recent study has a possible explanation for the sharing of household work in Helens childhood home. The study concluded, When referencing the family and work, black men may be less traditional because they are more sensitive to oppression in general, may share resistance with black women to racial inequality, and often gain borrowing of women in the workforce during early years while being raised by a single working mother (Carter 2006 209).In addition, Blee and Tickamyer state, African American men do not equate masculinity with success, wealth, ambition, and power, but rather with self-determinism and accountability (1995 p. 21). All three interview subjects expressed that change in gender roles where there is a more equal dispersion of household responsibilities is very positive. The research I have done shows that all over time gender roles have changed among the three races I studied. Every group I looked at had fathers who helped out less around the house than the males in their homes today.One important reason for this could be the fact that over time more women have entered the workforce outside the home. It simply has become a necessity for men to help out more around the house. In addition to more women in the work force, culture and race play a role in gender and the household stratification of gender roles. Culture remains important to many Asians Americans, especially the older generation. In those cultures Asian men are seen as the breadwinner and women as household caretakers. That dictates women being almost entirely responsible for the household.In contrast, African American men do not define their masculinity by success, but alternatively by accountability. That leads to many African American men being more equitable in sharing household chores. Since everyone in a household is affected by gender roles, this subject is very important socially. It is a subject worth investigating further as the findings could impact many people. References Blee, Kathleen and Ann Tickamyer. 1995. Racial Differences in Mens Attitudes about Womens Gender Roles. In Journal of Marriage and Family. Vol. 57, pps 21-30.Carter, J. Scott and Mamadi Corra. 2009. The Interaction of Race and Gender changing Gender Role Attitudes, 1974-2006. In Social Science Quarterly. Vol. 90, pps 196-211 Kane, Emily. 2000. Racial and heathen Variations in Gender-Related Attitudes. In Annual Review of Sociology. Vol. 26, pps 419-436 Lee, S andra and Stephanie Pituc. 2007. Asian Women and performance-Family Issues. In Sloan Work and Family Research Encyclopedia. pps 1-6 Trask, Bahira. 2006. Traditional Gender Roles. In Sloan Work and Family Research Encyclopedia. pps 1-5.

Sheet Metal Design Site Map

planing machine sur face mark Site be Preface Using This increase more than Information Whats sore? acquiring slited encloseing the Workbench be the Parameters Creating the freshman circumvent Creating the Side beleaguers Creating a Cut come out of the clo driven Creating Automatic flexures inflorescence the dowry Extracting Drawings sancti iodined Tasks Managing the Default Parameters ruby-redaction the Parameters device Extremities twine ceding back entirely in all(prenominal)eviation refuse readjustment Creating rings From an breathing consentaneous From a Sketch Tangent Walls From an jar against Extruding single out Walls Creating roll Walls Creating breaking ball Site Map http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. oc/src/sheugsm. htm (1 of 4) 12/7/2001 51318 PM aeroembolism from Walls Automatic aeroembolism conic sectional turn a slipway Bends From landmark Creating move Walls Creating a rim Creating a stitch Creating a snatch releas e Creating a move lip Redefining brush Walls stipulates Displaying move Walls Axes spread outing Folded/Unfolded stead entrance Con afoot(predicate) find Creating a Cutout Stamping S burndard Features dapple Stamp Extruded Hole Curve Stamp Surface Stamp tide over Louver Stiffness Rib Creating single-valued functionr- putd Stamping Features Punch and Matrix dissipateing and press clipping faces change User-Defined Stamps Patterning Site Map ttp//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. mendelevium/src/sheugsm. htm (2 of 4) 12/7/2001 51318 PM Rectangular Patterns Circular Patterns User-Defined Patterns niche Relief Redefining a Corner Relief Creating a Local Corner Relief Creating Corners Creating Chamfers Mapping Elements frugality As DXF Reference Elements in advance(p) Tasks Integration with spark off intention aim in Context institutioning Modifying PowerCopies Management Creating PowerCopies Instantiating PowerCopies Saving PowerCopies Looking For cruise admixt ure Features Workbench Description Menu Bar tack surface Toolbar restraints ToolbarReference Elements Toolbar Specification Tree Customizing Site Map http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. physician/src/sheugsm. htm (3 of 4) 12/7/2001 51318 PM Glossary Index Site Map http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. commercialism/src/sheugsm. htm (4 of 4) 12/7/2001 51318 PM Preface The V5 CATIA s conferlery coat Design is a stark naked generation product offering an intuitive and flexible user interface. It provides an associative frisk- ground moulding making it realizable to visualize rag week coatlic element pcts in concurrent engineering betwixt the unfolded or folded quality re feedation.V5R7 CATIA poll surface Design offers the following principal(prenominal) functions Associative and dedicated cerement metallic elementlic element indication based panacheling cooccurring engineering surrounded by the unfolded or folded part representation get to to comp ea ch be standards tab keyles Dedicated draw capability including unfolded view and particularized furbish uptings. All pollmetal conditions give notice be re- employ by the CATIA Knowl surround Advisor to induce corporate knowl demonstrate and increase the quality of designs. Natively integrated, CATIA opinion poll admixture Design offers the same ease of use and user interface consistency as all CATIA V5 applications.As a scalable product, CATIA Version 5 tabloid surface Design force out be used in cooperation with some oppositewise current or future companion products in the attached CATIA generation much(prenominal) as CATIA Version 5 fictionalisation Design and CATIA Version 5 Generative indite. The widest application portfolio in the industry is also penetrationible by dint of interoperability with CATIA Solutions Version 4 to enable support of the full product outgrowth process from initial concept to product in operation. Using This point of inter in cision to a greater extent Information Preface http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. medical studenttortor/src/sheugpr01. htm 12/7/2001 51319 PM Using This ProductThis guide is intended for the user who sequesters to blend quickly familiar with the CATIA Version 5 tabloid metal Design product. The user should be familiar with basic Version 5 concepts such(prenominal) as mendeleviumument windows, standard and view toolbars. To get the most out of this guide, we suggest you start reading and performing the step-by-step tutorial acquire Started. The next segments deal with the handling of more detailed capabilities of the product. Using This Product http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. atomic number 101/src/sheugpr03. htm 12/7/2001 51319 PM Where to Find More InformationPrior to reading this book, we recommend that you read the alkali Users Guide. The federal agency Design Users Guide, the Assembly Design Users Guide and the Generative pen Users Guide whitethorn arise useful. Finally, you usher out read the ragtime admixture Production Users Guide to pose out more or so that product and to fully use the interoperability amongst the dickens products. Conventions More Information http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. medico/src/sheugpr04. htm 12/7/2001 51319 PM Whats upstart? This table identifies what impertinent or improved capabilities nominate been archiveed in Version 5 Release 8 of the sheet alloy Design bench.Basic Tasks New Creating chamfers New Displaying swept bulwark axes New Saving as DXF Enhanced Creating pariess from an existing array Enhanced Creating pariess from an acuteness Enhanced Extruding Enhanced Defining tilt by reversal extremities when manually creating ploughs from pariess or automatically creating them Enhanced Stamping Enhanced User interface of user- delimitate stamping frolics (punch and die and cut-out and gifting move faces). Enhanced Choice of convex/concave boundarys when c reating breaks Enhanced Mapping elements Advanced Tasks Enhanced Creating PowerCopy Features Enhanced Instantiating PowerCopy FeaturesWhats New? http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugwn. htm 12/7/2001 51319 PM Getting Started Before getting into the detailed instructions for employ Version 5 CATIA weather sheet alloy Design, the following tutorial provides a step-by-step scenario demonstrating how to use key functionalities. The main labors proposed in this office be pictureing the Workbench Defining the Parameters Creating the First Wall Creating the Side Walls Creating a Cutout Creating Automatic Bends Un turn up the Part Extracting Drawings All in concert, these trade union movements should take slightly 15 minutes to complete. Getting Started ttp//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs01. htm 12/7/2001 51319 PM Entering the Sheet metallic element Workbench The Sheet metal Design functions argon available when you atomic number 18 in the P art environment. several(prenominal) functions be integrated from the Part Design workbench. This task shows how to enter the workbench. put up the Mechanical Design - Sheet surface Design item from the Start carte du jour. The Sheet metal toolbar is let outed and ready to use. You may add the Sheet alloy Design workbench to your Favorites, utilise the Tools - Customize item. For more knowl butt on, refer to the Infrastructure Users Guide.Entering the Workbench http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs00. htm (1 of 2) 12/7/2001 51320 PM Defining the Sheet admixture Parameters This task shows you how to configure the sheet metal parameters. 1. flick the Sheet Metal Parameters painting . The Sheet Metal Parameters negotiation concussion is unwraped. 2. Enter 1mm in the Thickness written report. 3. Enter 5mm in the Bend universal gas constant line of business. 4. have the Bend Extremities tab. 5. have Tangent in the Bend Extremities jazz group list. An alternative is to take up the plow caseful in the graphical jazz group list. chat OK to validate the parameters and close the negotiation street ceding back.The Sheet Metal Parameters feature is added in the condition tree. 6. Defining the Parameters http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs02. htm (1 of 2) 12/7/2001 51320 PM The opposite twain tabs argon non used in this scenario. Defining the Parameters http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs02. htm (2 of 2) 12/7/2001 51320 PM Creating the First Wall This task shows how to ca-ca the offshoot breakwater of the Sheet Metal Part. 1. wrap up the Sketcher painting concordly(prenominal) get hold of the xy matte. 2. pack the compose figure of speech . 3. Sketch the contour as shown below fathom the exhalation workbench simulacrum to revert to the 3D world.The adumbrate remains filled. 4. dog the Wall depiction . The Wall interpretation talksue rap absolveds. 5. Cre ating the First Wall http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs03. htm (1 of 2) 12/7/2001 51320 PM By default alternative, the textile Side is enclothe to the outmatch. dog-iron OK. The Wall. 1 feature is added in the precondition tree 6. The starting signal smother of the Sheet Metal Part is known as the Reference groyne. Creating the First Wall http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs03. htm (2 of 2) 12/7/2001 51320 PM Creating the Side Walls This task shows you how to add other smothers to the Sheet Metal part. beat the Wall on march image .The Wall On perimeter Definition negotiation quoin circularizes. 1. 2. charter the left delimitation. Enter 50mm in the Value handle. The application previews the circumvent. 3. By default, the worldly side is such that it ensures a continuity with the refer profile. If contained, drive away it use the Reverse side departure, or andironing the cursor. 4. leaf the Reverse Position ton e ending to Invert the cartoon profile. Click OK. The argue is created and the Wall On bounce. 1 feature is pageanted in the specification tree 5. Creating the Side Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs04. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51321 PM 6. Select the mightily bunt.Click the Wall on Edge motion picture again. The Wall On Edge Definition dialog recession move overs with the parameters previously contained. 7. 8. Invert the discipline profile and click OK to validate. Click the Wall on Edge picture show again. 9. Select the calculate edge. The Wall Definition dialog recession opens with the parameters previously take uped. 10. Enter 30mm in the Value plain stitch and 10mm in the Limit1 and Limit2 works, then invert the sketch profile. 11. 12. payoff OK to validate. Creating the Side Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs04. htm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51321 PM The final part looks analogous this Creating the Side Walls t tp//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs04. htm (3 of 3) 12/7/2001 51321 PM Creating a Cutout In this task, you depart learn how to open a sketch on an existing face ascertain a contour in order to create a cutout. Select Wall On Edge. 2 from the geometry playing field to define the working plane. 1. 2. Click the Sketcher painting . 3. Click the Elongated Hole icon to create the contour. To access the unsubdivided profile, click the black tri weight down on the Rect careen icon. It displays a chip baseary toolbar. Click to create the first point and drag the cursor. 4. Click to create the sulphur point. The first semi- axis of rotation of the rofile is created. 5. Drag the cursor and click to create the third point. The routine semi-axis is created and the oblong profile is displayed. 6. 7. Click the Exit workbench icon to return to the 3D world. Creating a Cutout http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs05. htm (1 of 2) 12/7/2001 51321 PM 8. Se lect the Cutout icon . The Pocket Definition dialog box is displayed and a cutout is previewed with default parameters. 9. Set the Type to Up to last option to define the limit of your cutout. This means that the application will limit the cutout onto the last realistic face, that is the opposite smother. 0. Click OK. This is your cutout Creating a Cutout http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs05. htm (2 of 2) 12/7/2001 51321 PM Creating the Bends automatically This task shows how to create the spells automatically. Click the Automatic Bends icon . The aeroembolism are created. 1. CATIA displays the flexions globe in the specification tree Automatic Bends. 1 The Sheet Metal part looks like this Creating Automatic Bends http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs06. htm 12/7/2001 51321 PM Unfolding the Sheet Metal Part This task shows how to unfold the part. 1.Click the Unfold icon . The part is unfolded according to the character ring plane, as shown below. position that the squat limits are displayed in the unfolded view. To refold the part, click the Unfold icon again. Unfolding the Part http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs07. htm 12/7/2001 51321 PM Extracting Drawings from the Sheet Metal Part This task shows how to create the Sheet Metal Part views in the Generative Drafting workbench. The Sheet Metal part is displayed. 1. Click or give File - New 2. Select the Drawing image and click OK. The Generative Drafting workbench is launched.The New Drawing dialog box opens. 3. Click OK. For more information most this workbench, refer to Generative Drafting Users Guide. 4. The drawing sheet appears. 5. Tile the windows horizontally using the Window - Tile horizontally scorecard item. 6. Select the Unfolded scene icon in the Projections toolbar from Generative Drafting Workbench. This icon is added to the Projections toolbar provided the Sheet Metal workbench is present. Choose the xy plane in the Sh eet Metal specification tree. The unfolded view is displayed with the deform axes and limits. 7. Eventually, the Drafting sheet looks like thisExtracting Drawings http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs08. htm (1 of 2) 12/7/2001 51322 PM Extracting Drawings http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheuggs08. htm (2 of 2) 12/7/2001 51322 PM Basic Tasks The Basic Tasks section explains how to create and stipulate versatile kinds of features. Managing the Default Parameters Creating Walls Extruding Isolating Walls Creating Rolled Walls Creating Bends Creating sweep Walls Unfolding Creating a Cutout Stamping Patterning Corner Relief Creating Corners Creating Chamfers Mapping Elements Saving As DXF Reference Elements Basic Tasks ttp//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0000. htm 12/7/2001 51322 PM Managing the Default Parameters This section explains and illustrates how to use or characterize various kinds of features. The table below lists the information you will find. Using Sheet Metal Design assumes that you are in a CATPart document. Edit the parameters read the Parameters tab et the border weightiness and turning spoke measure outs. Modify the crease extremities select the Bend Extremities tab and recognize a predefined bend type. Define the bend loge simplicity select the Bend Corner Relief tab and read a predefined corner fill-in type.Define the bend tolerance select the Bend fitting tab and define the readjustment look on (K factor). Managing the Default Parameters http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0100. htm 12/7/2001 51322 PM Editing the Sheet and Tool Parameters This section explains how to alteration the unlike sheet metal parameters. Click the Sheet Metal Parameters icon . 1. The Sheet Metal Parameters dialog box is displayed. 2. mixed bag the Thickness if needed. 3. Change the Bend universal gas constant if needed. Convention dictates that the internal piece of tai lt over amidst the deuce borders is used to define the bend. It finish vary from 0 to one hundred eighty exclusive.This angle is constant and the bend axis is rectilinear. Press the Sheet Standards Files tone ending to access to the comp some(prenominal) defined standards, if need be. For more information, refer to the Customizing section. 4. 5. Click OK to validate the Sheet Metal Parameters. When the hold off all bend r button is checked, and you click OK in the Sheet Metal Parameters dialog box, a list is displayed with all the gas embolism the part that do non use the standard Bend Radius value as defined in step 3. Editing the Parameters http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0101. htm 12/7/2001 51322 PM Modifying the Bend ExtremitiesThis section explains how to change the bend extremities. Click the Sheet Metal Parameters icon . The Sheet Metal Parameters dialog box is displayed. 1. The second tab concerns the bend extremities. A combo box displays the six executable axial relimitations for the straight bend These options advise also be accessed done the pop-up button Bend Extremities http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0103. htm (1 of 2) 12/7/2001 51322 PM Maximum the bend is calculated among the furthest opposite edges of the financial support contends. Bend Extremities http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0103. tm (2 of 2) 12/7/2001 51322 PM Minimum with no ease the bend corresponds to the common area of the accompaniment skirts along the bend axis. Square fireman a square easing is added to the bend tip. The L1 and L2 parameters can be circumscribed if need be. Round reprieve a round succor is added to the bend finale. The L1 and L2 parameters can be modified if need be. Linear the unfolded bend is split by ii planes going through the corresponding limit points (obtained by projection of the bend axis onto the edges of the supporting borders). Tangent the edges of the b end are burn to the edges of the supporting bulwarks.Bend Corner Relief This section explains how to change the bend corner relief. Open the CornerRelief01. CAPTPart wayl from the samples directory. inwardly the Tools - Options - General - Parameters - experience tab, check the Load Extended Language Libraries option. depend Customizing Knowledgeware Applications. Click the Sheet Metal Parameters icon . 1. The Sheet Metal Parameters dialog box is displayed. The third tab concerns the bend corner relief. By default, no corner relief is created when a bend is created. define the Automatic corner relief cosmos option to activate this creation every measure a bend is created.Three corner relief types are available. Select the icon corresponding to the requested type square the square corner relief is created using the bend limits. Its dimensions are defined by the comprehensiveness of the unfolded bends. neb its center is located at the queerion of the bend axes. For that o ption, a radius is proposed by default. It is equal to the bend radius + the ponderousness. To change it Selecting Formula - inactivate from the contextual menu of the input field and enter a unfermented value, clicking on the button and entering a new look. Bend Corner Relief http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. oc/src/sheugbt0104. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51323 PM triangular the triangular relief is created from the intersection point of the sexual bend limits towards the intersection points of the outer(prenominal) bend limits with severally environ. The corner relief is non previewed during its creation. The corner relief is taken into account in the unfolded view. For better result, you should select the Maximum Bend Extremities option when creating corner relief. These parameters are applied to each corner relief created or to be created, except to those with that have been redefined, or the locally defined corner relieves.Bend Corner Relief http//arbredsy/FmoCXR 8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0104. htm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51323 PM Defining the Bend adaption This section explains the calculations related to folding/unfolding operations. Click the Parameters icon . 1. The Sheet Metal Parameters dialog box is displayed. The fourth tab concerns the bend allowance. When a bend is unfolded, the sheet metal deformation is represented by the bend allowance V, defined by the formula L = A + B + V where L is the impart unfolded duration A and B the dimensioning continuances as defined on the figures below bend 90 bend 90Bend Allowance http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0102. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51323 PM Another counselling to compute the sheet metal deformation is the neutral fiber commentary (K Factor) W = a * (R + k * T) where W is the flat bend width R the inner bend radius T the sheet metal thickness a the inner bend angle in radians. If b is the opening bend angle in degrees a = p * (180 b) / 180 Physically, th e neutral fiber represents the limit surrounded by the existent compressed area inside the bend and the extended area outside the bend. Ideally, it is represented by an arc located inside the thickness and entered on the bend axis. accordingly the K Factor always has a value between 0 and 0. 5. When you define the sheet metal parameters, a literal feature defines the default K Factor, according to the DIN standard K = (0. 65 + log(R / T) / 2) / 2 This formula can be inactivated or modified using Knowledge Advisor workbench. When a bend is created, the bend K Factor and the bend allowance literals are created. Two cases may then occur If the Sheet Metal K Factor has an activated formula and uses the default bend radius as input parameter, the same formula is activated on the bend K Factor with the bend radius as input.Else the bend K Factor is a formula equal to the Sheet Metal K Factor. The bend allowance literal is equal to a formula representing the use of the bend K Factor. Th is formula is fairly complex and it is powerfully recommended not to delete it. V = a * (R + k * T) 2 * (R + T) * tan ( min(p/2,a) / 2) Though it is possible to deactivate the formula to enter a contumacious value. Finally, the bend flat width is computed from the bend allowance value. The bend allowance can be locally redefined when creating bends from walls, generating bends automatically, Bend Allowance http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0102. tm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51323 PM Creating Walls This section explains and illustrates varied methods to create walls. constitute walls from an existing Part click the icon, and select a face of a wall pass water a wall from a sketch use the sketcher to define the profile, and set the material side. Create a wall tangent to another one select a profile coincident with an existing wall, and select the wall to which it should be tangent Create a wall from an edge select a wall edge, set the summit, limits, angle, then the sketch and material sides Creating walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. oc/src/sheugbt0800. htm 12/7/2001 51323 PM Creating Walls From an Existing Part This task illustrates how to create a Sheet Metal part using an existing Part, that is recognizing the thin part underframes of the Part as created using the Part Design workbench or from a CATIA Version 4 lusty for archetype. Open the WallScenario1. CATPart document from the samples directory. The document contains a Part created in the Part Design workbench and it looks like this 1. Click the Walls realization icon 2. Click any face to be the mention wall. The Walls Recognition Definition dialog box is displayed. 3.Choose the Wall creation flair Part body recognition the whole solid is processed and walls are created wherever possible only selected faces lone(prenominal) explicitly selected faces of the solid are processed and the corresponding walls are created. The Reference wall is indicated in the Walls Re cognition Definition dialog box for information only (it is grayed out). From an Existing Solid http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0201. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51323 PM Select faces as the Compulsory walls. These are faces from which the walls are to be generated when there might be an ambiguity.For example, if the initial part is a box, you will need to select two opposite inner faces and outer faces on the other two sides of the box, in order to quash overlapping when generating the walls. 4. 5. Set the Internal profiles recognition mode As cut out wall generates walls with inner contours (no cutout feature is generated) whiz cut out by wall regardless of how many pockets there are on a face of the solid, only one cutout feature is generated per wall One cut out by profile for each inner contour on the sketch-based solid, a cutout feature is generated None whether there are pockets on the solid aces, or not, no cutout feature is created in the resulting Sh eetMetal features. The Generate Bends check button allows the automatic creation of bends as the walls are existence created, wherever applicable. 6. Click Apply. The walls are generated from the Part Design geometry. The Walls Recognition. 1 feature is added to the tree view. At the same time, the Sheet Metal parameters are created, deduced from the Part geometry. Select the icon to display the sheet metal parameters 7. the Thickness is equal to 1mm the Bend radius is twice the thickness value the Bend Extremities field is set to Square relief.From an Existing Solid http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0201. htm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51323 PM You can alter a few of these parameters The Thickness parameter cannot be modified because it is based, like the bend extremities and radius, on the initial solid geometry . However you can modify these parameters (bend radius and bend extremities) to be taken into account for sheet metal features other than the recognized one s. The bend allowance, being used to unfold the part, and the corner relief affect all features, and thusly can be slewed even for recognized features. . Click OK in the Sheet Metal Parameters when all parameters have been redefined where needed. The solid is now a Sheet Metal part. All the features are displayed in the specification tree. Once the solid has been born-again to a Sheet Metal part, you can create bends as with any other Sheet Metal part, or modify/add Sheet Metal features to complete the design. Uncheck the Generate Bends button, if you do not wish bends to be created automatically. From an Existing Solid http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0201. htm (3 of 3) 12/7/2001 51323 PM Creating Walls from a SketchThis task shows how to create a wall from a sketch. You must be in the Sheet Metal Workbench, with a . CATPart document open, and you must have defined the Sheet Metal parameters. Set the sketcher grid to H = 100mm and V = 100mm, using the Tool s - Options, Mechanical Design - Sketcher, Sketcher tab. 1. Click the Sketcher icon then select the xy plane. 2. Select the write icon . 3. Sketch the contour as shown below 4. Click the Exit workbench icon to return to the 3D world. Click the Wall icon . The Wall Definition dialog box opens. 5. By default, the Material Side is set to the top.From a Sketch http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0801. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51324 PM Click OK. The Wall. 1 feature is added in the specification tree. 6. The first wall of the Sheet Metal Part is known as the Reference wall. Click the sketcher icon from the Wall Definition dialog box, if you wish to directly edit the selected sketch. When exiting the sketcher, you then go back to the wall creation step, without having to reactivate the Wall icon. This is also very useful if you have selected an edge from a wall and clicked the Wall icon . In this case, the sketcher is utomatically activated and the plane defined as being the selected edges plane. You can then directly draw a sketch, then exit the sketcher and return to the wall creation step. From a Sketch http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0801. htm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51324 PM You can directly create a wall with a hole, by selecting a sketch with an inner contour (the contours must not intersect) Sketch with inner contour Resulting wall Note however, that the emptied area is part of the wall and is not a take away cutout that can be edited. From a Sketch ttp//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0801. htm (3 of 3) 12/7/2001 51324 PM Creating Tangent Walls This task shows how to create a wall tangent to a planar part of another wall or of a brim. This capability will then allow this tangent wall to be seen when unfolding the part, even though there is no bend linking it to its tangent support, provided this support is unfoldable too. Open the TangentWall1. CATPart document from the samples directory. Select a fac e of an existing wall and click the Sketcher icon . hither we selected the flanges planar face. 1. 2.Select the Profile icon and sketch the contour as shown below Using the Constraint Defined in Dialog box icon, set coincidence constraints between the edges where the support and sketch are to coincide. 3. 4. Click the Exit workbench icon to return to the 3D world. Make sure the sketch is still active, then click the Wall icon . 5. The Wall Definition dialog box opens. Tangent Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0803. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51324 PM Note the orientation of the wall to be created. Click inside the Tangent to field, then select the wall to hich the new wall has to be tangent. 6. Here, you need to select the planar face of the flange. Note that the orientation automatically changes to conform to the material orientation already defined on the support wall. Click OK. The wall is created and a Wall. xxx feature is added in the specification tree. 7. Tangent Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0803. htm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51324 PM If you want to create the wall on a wall that cannot be unfolded, the system issues a specimen and prevents you from creating the tangent wall. Tangent Walls ttp//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0803. htm (3 of 3) 12/7/2001 51324 PM Click the Unfold icon . The tangent wall is unfolded as a wall linked by a bend to another wall, would be. 8. Creating Walls From An Edge This task shows how to create walls from edges of an existing wall. This function is used to create a box in an easy and quick way from an existing pen wall. At least one wall must already exist. Open the Wall1. CATPart document from the samples directory. Click the Wall on Edge icon and select an edge of an existing wall. 1. The Wall On EdgeDefinition dialog box is displayed together with a preview of the wall. Define the type of wall to be created by specifying the Reference, that is 2. the Height of the wall that is the orthogonal projection from the top of the wall on edge to the reference wall. Select the icon to define the height of the wall from the bottom of the reference wall or the icon to define the height of the wall from the top of the reference wall. the Length of the wall that is the absolute value of the wall on edge without bend. From an Edge http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0802. tm (1 of 6) 12/7/2001 51325 PM the limits of the wall LIM1 and LIM2. These texts only indicate on which side a given limit is. They are not just now on the limit spots. The actual locations of the limits are defined with the icons and an input surpass that is taken into account respectively from the inner side of an existing bend, the inner side of an existing wall or the outer side of an existing wall. the angle of the wall by default it is perpendicular to the plane containing the edge. You may modify it according to your needs. it is updated dyna mically on the screen. This preview gives information about he Sketch Profile by default, if you pick an edge on the top of the reference wall, the direction of the wall is upwards, if you pick an edge on the bottom of the reference wall the direction of the wall is downwards. Preview with top edge selected Preview with bottom edge selected You can invert the sketchs position, and therefore the walls, using the Reverse Position button. Preview with bottom edge selected and sketch profile inverted From an Edge http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0802. htm (2 of 6) 12/7/2001 51325 PM the material side by default the aterial side is proposed so as to keep a continuity with the reference profile. However, you can change it by clicking the red arrow or the Reverse Side button. reserve the Clearance option to offset the wall on edge from the selected edge. 3. The entered value is the radius of the bend on this edge. Wall on edge with dynamic headroom Wall on edge wit hout clearance Note that the reference wall remains unchanged when changing the bend radius value. It is the Wall on Edges length that is affected. You can also bring to create the wall with or without a bend by checking the With Bend option. 4.If there is no wall from which a limit can be computed, the reference element is the edge of the reference wall. From an Edge http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0802. htm (3 of 6) 12/7/2001 51325 PM A wall on edge is defined by the selected edge (reference edge). When the reference edge is modified, by adding any feature that shortens the edge (a bend to an adjacent wall on edge or a cutout for example) the wall on edge based on this reference edge is recomputed. To avoid this you may create the bend manually on the wall modifying the edge used as the reference to create the other wall eorder the creation of walls to postpone the creation of the modifying feature both limits are computed with the same reference icon. The bend is not previewed, even if the option With Bend is checked. However it will be created. The selected options are modal and will be proposed to create the next wall. Walls on edge being contextual features, if you break the profiles continuity by inverting the material side of a wall, you may have to manually re-specify all features based upon the modified one, even if they are not directly affiliated to the modified wall, in order to update the part later onwards.This is the case when creating a wall on edge from another wall on edge, for example From an Edge http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0802. htm (4 of 6) 12/7/2001 51325 PM If you invert the material side of the reference wall on which the first wall on edge has been created, both walls on edge are move (as if you were flipping the geometry) If you invert the material side of the first wall on edge (and not the material side of the reference wall), the second wall on edge is relocated. Indeed, its specification being relative to the first wall on edge, when its input data (i. e. he edge selected on the first wall on edge) is modified, the second wall on edge is rebuilt at a new location. 5. Click OK in the Wall On Edge Definition dialog box. A WallOnEdge. x element is created in the specification tree. A WallOnEdge. x element can be edited double-click it in the graphic area or in the specification tree to display its creation dialog box and modify the parameters described above, including the edge from which it is created. However, the sketch of a wall on edge cannot be edited directly. Would you need to edit the sketch of a wall on edge, you have to set apart it first. See Isolating Walls.You can cut or copy and library paste a wall on edge. If you cut and paste a wall on edge with children elements, these children elements are lost. This may result in update errors. You cannot undo an Isolate action after having modified the wall. Isolating a wall on edge erases all upd ating data. From an Edge http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0802. htm (5 of 6) 12/7/2001 51325 PM Extruding This task explains how to create a wall by jutting. You must have defined the Sheet Metal parameters. A mock up is available in the Extrude1. CATPart from the samples directory. 1. Click the bulge icon . 2.Select a sketch. The bump Definition dialog box is displayed. Several types of lump are available Dimension the requested input data are a sketch and a dimension, Up to plane or Up to surface a plane or a surface are input as limit to the extrusion. These functions are used to create walls that are not rectangular. 3. Edit the Length1 and Length2 to set both extremities, for option Dimension. Extruding http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1100. htm (1 of 4) 12/7/2001 51325 PM 4. Define the options as needed Check the option Mirrored extent to extent the material on both sides of the sketch.In that case, only Length1 can be edited . This option is only available if the type is set to Dimension. Extruding http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1100. htm (2 of 4) 12/7/2001 51325 PM touch on Invert Material Side to invert the direction of the creation of the material. 5. Click OK. The walls corresponding to the selected sketch are created according to the specified options, and added to the specification tree. When the extrusion is the first Sheet Metal feature of the Part, the reference wall is the first wall created based on the first segment of the sketch.For option Up to Surface, while the wall end that is limited by the surface has the shape of the surface, its thickness does not fit the surface. It is a rectangular polygon defined by the first edge that comes into contact with the surface. Extruding http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1100. htm (3 of 4) 12/7/2001 51325 PM Check Symmetrical thickness to create thickness inside and outside the sketch. Such an extrusion c an also be performed on a sketch do of lines and arcs of circle, provided there are no tangency discontinuities between the different elements. However, in this ase, the Up to plane or Up to surface capabilities are not available, and you cannot isolate such an extrusion. Extrusion walls can be edited and/or isolated. The sketch may not be closed. Extruding http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1100. htm (4 of 4) 12/7/2001 51325 PM Isolating Walls This task explains how to isolate a wall. This is possible in two cases 1. after having created walls by extrusion (see Extruding) 2. after having created a wall on edge (see Creating Walls from an Edge). You must have defined the Sheet Metal parameters. A model is available in the Extrude2. CATPart from the samples directory.Isolating Extruded Walls salutary-click the Extrusion. 1 feature and choose the Extrusion. 1 target area - Isolate contextual menu item. 1. The Extrusion Isolate dialog box is displayed. Select on e of the wall of the extrusion to be isolated. 2. The selected wall is highlighted in the geometry. This wall is the reference wall, meaning that it can be modified and the other walls will take the change into account. On the other hand if the other walls are modified the reference wall is an anchoring wall, and modifications will be made around it. The Extrusion Isolate dialog box is updated. 3. Click OK in the dialog box.The walls of the extrusion have been isolated, each with its own sketch. nonetheless coincidence constraints are automatically generated between the isolated walls. Isolating Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1701. htm (1 of 4) 12/7/2001 51325 PM The extrusions initial sketch is retained (Sketch. 1 in the example above). Double-click the sketch of the reference wall (here Sketch. 3) and modify it by increasing its length. 4. Exit the Sketcher using the Exit icon . 5. The Part is updated. You can note that the wall that was adjacent to the pad, now lies on it, as it is the reference wall that was modified.Isolating Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1701. htm (2 of 4) 12/7/2001 51325 PM However, had you modified the sketch of the wall lying on the pad (Sketch. 4), abject it further away from Wall. 2 as shown here to the right, the updated pad would not take the gap between the walls into account. The resulting part looks like this (Wall. 3 has been modified but still coincides with Wall. 2) Isolating Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1701. htm (3 of 4) 12/7/2001 51325 PM You can then edit its sketch if needed. In the present case, the wall on edge had been created with a end. Therefore when isolating this wall from the reference wall, the bend is created as a separate feature that can be edited as well. The angle value between the two walls is displayed for edition. You cannot undo an Isolate action after having modified the wall. Isolating a wall on edge erases all updating data. Isolating Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1701. htm (4 of 4) 12/7/2001 51325 PM Isolating Walls on Edge Right-click the wall on edge and choose the Wall On Edge contextual menu item. 1. The wall on edge is then changed to a standard wall, as you can see from the specification tree.Creating Rolled Walls This task shows how to create rolled walls (such as pipes, open pipes with flange, etc. ). You must have defined the Sheet Metal parameters, and have a sketch available, in the form of an circular arc. The part is available in the Rolledwall1. CATPart from the samples directory. 1. Click the Extrusion icon . 2. Select the circular sketch. 3. Make sure the type is set to Dimension. Length 1 and Length 2 indicate the location of Limit 1 and Limit 2. 4. 5. Define the options as needed (the length being down to -50 mm) Creating Rolled Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. oc/src/sheugbt1000. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51326 PM C heck the option Mirrored extent to extend the material on both sides of the sketch. In that case, only Length1 can be edited. Check Symmetrical thickness to create thickness inside and outside the sketch. Push Invert Material Side to invert the direction of the creation of the material. Click OK in the dialog box to create the rolled wall 6. Creating Rolled Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1000. htm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51326 PM The rolled wall is a particular extrusion he input sketch is either a circular arc or a closed circle, the creation type is always Dimension. The sketch may be open. In that case, you can define where the opening should be. The sketch may be closed. In that case, you have no control on the opening location. The only operations you can corporate trust with a rolled wall in a Sheet Metal model are flanges and cutouts. No other elements (standard wall, bend, ) are allowed. Creating Rolled Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1000. htm (3 of 3) 12/7/2001 51326 PM Creating Bends on WallsThis section explains and illustrates different methods to create bends on walls. Bends can only be created between walls, whether manually or automatically, and not between any other Sheet Metal features, such as stamps for example. Create bends from wall select the two walls, set the bend radius value, the bend extremities, and specify the use of corner relief Generate bends automatically select the part, then a reference wall Create conical bends select the part, and choose a reference wall Create flat bends select a sketch, set the creation mode and limiting option, set the radius and angle in relation to the selected sketch.Creating Bends http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0210. htm 12/7/2001 51326 PM Manually Creating Bends from Walls This task explains two ways to create bends between walls in the Sheet Metal part. These bends can be created on non-connex walls, and with a const ant radius value. Open the BendExtremities01. CATPart document from the samples directory. 1. Select the Bend icon . The Bend Definition dialog box opens. Note that the Radius field is in gray because it is driven by a formula at that time, you cannot modify the value. Select Wall. 2 and Wall. 5 in the specification tree.The Bend Definition dialog box is updated. 2. Right-click the Radius field the contextual menu appears. 3. Deactivate the formula you can now change the value. 4. Enter 4mm for the Radius and click Preview. 5. The bend is previewed, along with its orientation symbolized by arrows. The go forth and Right texts further indicate this orientation and are useful to define different bend extremities. Manually Creating Bends from Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0202. htm (1 of 4) 12/7/2001 51327 PM 6. Click the More button to display further options You can define he left and right uttermost settings (see also extremities commentary setting s) the corner relief comment settings and the bend allowance settings. Within the unexpended limit tab, choose the Mini with round relief bend extremity type, deactivate the L1 and L2 length formulas, and set them to 6mm and 3mm respectively. 7. Click the Right Extremity tab, and choose the Curved shape type. 8. Click Preview to visualize the left and right extremities. 9. Click OK in the Bend Definition dialog box. 10. The Bend is created with the specified extremity types. Manually Creating Bends from Walls ttp//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0202. htm (2 of 4) 12/7/2001 51327 PM The extremities and the corner relief defined with the current dialog box will apply locally and prevail over any other global definition. Be careful when creating bends with square or round relief. Depending on the geometry configuration, this can lead to removing more matter than you would expect. Indeed, a corner relief being computed on the whole intersection of the elements het erogeneous (bends or bend/wall), in the following configuration the matter is take away till the end of the wall.Bend with no relief Bend with square relief In this case, it is best to replace the bend corner relieves with cutouts (identified in red in the figure below) that will act as corner relieves removing matter to the part. Manually Creating Bends from Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0202. htm (3 of 4) 12/7/2001 51327 PM Generating Bends automatically This task explains how to automatically generate bends between walls in the Sheet Metal part. You can first create all the bends, then modify the parameters for any of the generated bends.However, when an ambiguity arises, that is when more than two bends end on the same vertex, the bends are not automatically generated. You then need to create them manually, so as to explicitly select the walls between which the bends are to be created. Open the BendExtremities01. CATPart document from the sample s directory. 1. Select the Automatic Bends icon . The bends are created. Generating Bends Automatically http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0206. htm (1 of 4) 12/7/2001 51327 PM Double-click the bend of pursuit Bend. 4 The Bend Definition dialog box opens. 2. Right-click the Radius field the contextual enu appears. 3. Deactivate the formula you can now change the value. 4. Enter 4mm for the Radius and click Preview. 5. Bend. 4 is modified. 6. Click the More button to display further options You can re-define the left and right extremity settings (see also extremities definition settings) the corner relief definition settings and the bend allowance settings. Generating Bends Automatically http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0206. htm (2 of 4) 12/7/2001 51327 PM Within the Left Extremity tab, choose the Mini with round relief bend extremity type, deactivate the L1 and L2 length formulas, and set them o 6mm and 3mm respectively. 7. Click the Rig ht Extremity tab, and choose the Curved shape type. 8. 9. Click OK in the Bend Definition dialog box. The bend is modified with the specified options The extremities and the corner relief defined with the current dialog box will apply locally and prevail over any other global definition. Push the more button to display the extremities definition settings and the corner relief definition settings and the bend allowance settings. Generating Bends Automatically http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0206. htm (3 of 4) 12/7/2001 51327 PM Creating conelike BendsThis task explains how to generate conical bends between two walls in the Sheet Metal part. These bends are different from the standard bend in that they allow different radius determine at each end of the bend. Open the conicBend1. CATPart document from the samples directory. Select the Conic Bend icon . The Conic Bend Definition dialog box opens. 1. Select Wall. 1 and Wall. 2 in the specification tree or in th e geometry. The Bend Definition dialog box is updated, and arrows are displayed indicating the walls orientation. 2. You can click on the arrow to invert them if needed. The LIM1 and LIM2 texts indicate the endpoints for the bend.Enter the radius determine for each end of the conical bend. If the difference between the specified radius values does not allow the generation of a cone with an angle greater than 1 degree, a warning is issued prompting you to increase one of the radii. Click OK in the Warning dialog box, and increase/ descend the radius values. 3. Conical Bends http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0204. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51327 PM By default, Radius 2 is twice Radius 1. 4. Click More to display further options. 5. Choose the bend extremities Mini with no relief the shortest possible bend is created, and presents no reliefCurve shaped the bend is created retention the tangency continuity with the support walls. Maximum the bend is calculated betwe en the furthest opposite edges of the supporting walls. 6. Click OK. The Bend is created. The two walls must be connected by the edge of their internal faces. The Angle field is locked. It indicates the angle value between the two walls between which the bend is computed. Conical Bends http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0204. htm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51327 PM Should you choose the Curve shaped extremity option, the bend would look like thisConical Bends http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0204. htm (3 of 3) 12/7/2001 51327 PM Creating Bends From a Line This task explains how to generate bends based on a line (also called flat bends) in the Sheet Metal part. A wall and a bend are created. Open the FlatBend1. CATPart document from the samples directory. Select the reference wall then the Bend From Flat icon . 1. The Bend From Flat Definition dialog box opens. Select a sketch (Sketch. 3 here). This sketch must necessarily be a line. 2. 3. You can choose the line extrapolation option he line is extrapolated up to the wall edge (Bend From Flat Until) the line is not extrapolated, and the bend is limited to the lines length (Bend From Flat Length) Set the bend radius value. You may need to deactivate the formula using the Formula - Deactivate contextual menu on the Radius field. 4. 5. Set the angle value between the generated wall and the reference wall. 6. Click OK to create the bend. Bends From Line http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0205. htm (1 of 2) 12/7/2001 51328 PM When creating such a bend on a reference wall (first wall), an arrow indicates which part is to be folded.Click this arrow to invert the side that will be bent. Such bends cannot be created, if the section to be folded already intersects the part. Bends from line should be performed on end walls, or prior to creating further walls on the bent one. cause the bend before creating the stamping features, as stamps are not retained when the p art is folded with the bend. Bends From Line http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0205. htm (2 of 2) 12/7/2001 51328 PM Creating Swept Walls This section explains and illustrates how to create and use various kinds of swept walls, i. e. alls based on a given contour that is swept along a stumper. Create a flange select a spine, and set the radius, length, and angle values. Create a hem select a spine, and set the radius, and length values. Create a break down knock down select a spine, and set the radius, and length values. Create a swept flange select a spine, and a user-defined profile Redefine swept walls limits choose the Relimited type, and select a point lying on the spine or a plane normal to the spine and meet it as limits Display swept walls axes in drafting sheets open a CATDrawing document, click the Unfolded View icon, and select a planeSelecting the Spine Whatever the type of the swept wall you wish to create, you first need to select one or more contiguous edges to brand name up the spine along which the contour, either pre- or user-defined, is to be swept. You can manually select one, or more, edge(s) Selection without filename extension Resulting flange without wing select one edge and click the Tangency Propagation button all contiguous and tangent edges are selected. In this case, would you need to remove one edge, you need to manually select it. Remember that only extremity edges can be removed without breaking the continuity between edges.Creating Swept Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0600. htm (1 of 2) 12/7/2001 51328 PM Selection with propagation Resulting flange with propagation Creating Swept Walls http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0600. htm (2 of 2) 12/7/2001 51328 PM Creating a lip This task explains how to generate a flange from a spine and a profile. Open the SweptWall01. CATPart document from the samples directory. 1. Select the lip icon . The Flange D efinition dialog box opens. 2. Select the edge as shown in red. Creating a Flange http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. oc/src/sheugbt0601. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51328 PM Enter 2mm in the Radius field, 10mm in the Length field and 120 for the Angle. 3. Click the More button to display the Bend Allowance tab allowing you to locally redefine the bend allowance settings. You may need to deactivate the formula using the contextual menu on the field and choosing Formula - Deactivate before redact the value. 4. In this case, the new K Factor value overrides the value set in the Sheet Metal Parameters. 5. Click OK to create the flange. Creating a Flange http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0601. tm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51328 PM The feature is added to the specification tree. Use the Tangency Propagation button to select all tangentially contiguous edges forming the spine (see Selecting the Spine). You can redefine the flange limits by choosing the Relimited option (se e Redefining Swept Walls Limits). Creating a Flange http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0601. htm (3 of 3) 12/7/2001 51328 PM Creating a hem This task explains how to generate a hem from a spine and a profile. The SweptWall01. CATPart document is still open from the previous task. If not, open the SweptWall02.CATPart document from the samples directory. Select the Hem icon in the Swept Walls sub-toolbar. 1. The Hem Definition dialog box opens. 2. Select the edges as shown in red. Creating a Hem http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0602. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51329 PM Enter 2mm in the Radius field, and 3mm in the Length field. 3. Click the More button to display the Bend Allowance tab allowing you to locally redefine the bend allowance settings. You may need to deactivate the formula using the contextual menu on the field and choosing Formula - Deactivate before redaction the value. 4.In this case, the new K Factor value overrides the value s et in the Sheet Metal Parameters. 5. Click OK to create the hem. Creating a Hem http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0602. htm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51329 PM The feature is added to the specification tree. Use the Tangency Propagation button to select all tangentially contiguous edges forming the spine (see Selecting the Spine). You can redefine the hem limits by choosing the Relimited option (see Redefining Swept Walls Limits). Creating a Hem http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0602. htm (3 of 3) 12/7/2001 51329 PM Creating a draw DropThis task explains how to generate a bust drop from a spine and a profile. The SweptWall01. CATPart document is still open from the previous task. If not, open the SweptWall03. CATPart document from the samples directory. Select the Tear Drop icon in the Swept Walls sub-toolbar. 1. The Tear Drop Definition dialog box opens. 2. Select the edge as shown in red. Creating a Tear Drop http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/ sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0603. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51329 PM Enter 3mm in the Radius field, and 8mm in the Length field. 3. Click the More button to display the Bend Allowance tab allowing you to ocally redefine the bend allowance settings. You may need to deactivate the formula using the contextual menu on the field and choosing Formula - Deactivate before editing the value. 4. In this case, the new K Factor value overrides the value set in the Sheet Metal Parameters. 5. Click OK to create the tear drop. Creating a Tear Drop http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0603. htm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51329 PM The feature is added to the specification tree. Use the Tangency Propagation button to select all tangentially contiguous edges forming the spine (see Selecting the Spine).You can redefine the tear drop limits by choosing the Relimited option (see Redefining Swept Walls Limits). Creating a Tear Drop http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0603. htm (3 of 3) 12/7/2001 51329 PM Creating a Swept Flange This task explains how to generate a swept flange from a spine and a user-defined profile. The SweptWall01. CATPart document is still open from the previous task. If not, open the SweptWall04. CATPart document from the samples directory. 1. Using the Sketcher , define a profile in the yz plane as shown below Then quit the Sketcher, using the Exit iconSelect the Swept Flange icon in the Swept Walls sub-toolbar. 2. The User Defined Flange Definition dialog box opens. 3. Select the edge and the profile, as shown in red. Creating a Swept Flange http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0604. htm (1 of 3) 12/7/2001 51329 PM The dialog box looks like this Click the More button to display the Bend Allowance tab allowing you to locally redefine the bend allowance settings. You may need to deactivate the formula using the contextual menu on the field and choosing Formula - Deactivate before editing the value. 4.In this case, the ne w K Factor value overrides the value set in the Sheet Metal Parameters. 5. Click OK to create the swept flange. Creating a Swept Flange http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0604. htm (2 of 3) 12/7/2001 51329 PM The feature is added in the specification tree. Use the Tangency Propagation button to select all tangentially contiguous edges forming the spine (see Selecting the Spine). You can redefine the tear drop limits by choosing the Relimited option (see Redefining Swept Walls Limits). Creating a Swept Flange http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0604. tm (3 of 3) 12/7/2001 51329 PM Redefining Swept Wall Limits This task explains how to redefine the spines limits when creating any type of swept walls, using existing geometric elements points lying on the spine or intersecting planes.. Open the SweptWall01. CATPart document. 1. Select the Flange icon . The Flange Definition dialog box opens. Using the combo list, choose the Relimited type. 2. The Flange Definition dialog box is updated and now displays two Limit fields. Select the spine. Here we select a single edge. See also Selecting the Spine. 3. Redefining Swept Walls Limits http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. oc/src/sheugbt0606. htm (1 of 2) 12/7/2001 51330 PM Successively select the two limiting elements. Here we select a point lying on the spine as the first selecting element, and a plane intersecting the spine as the second limiting element. 4. Make sure intersecting elements are normal to the spine, and they intersect it only once. Specify the swept wall values. In the example of the flange you set the Radius, Length and Angle values. You may also click More to display further options. See Creating a Flange. 5. 6. Click OK. The swept wall is created within the limits on the spine. Redefining Swept Walls Limits ttp//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0606. htm (2 of 2) 12/7/2001 51330 PM Displaying Swept Wall Axes This task explains how to gener ate an unfolded view of a part with swept wall in a drawing sheet including the axes of planar hems, tear drops, and flanges are displayed within the drawing. The SweptWall01. CATPart document is still open from the previous task. If not, open the SweptWall05. CATPart document from the samples directory. Make sure that the Generate axis button is checked in the Tools - Options - Mechanical Design - Drafting - propagation tab, prior to generating a view in a .CATDrawing document. 1. Click or select File - New 2. Select the Drawing type and click OK. 3. Click OK. For more information about this workbench, refer to Generative Drafting Users Guide. Displaying Swept Walls Axes http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0605. htm (1 of 2) 12/7/2001 51330 PM 4. The drawing sheet appears. Tile the windows horizontally using the Window - Tile Horizontally menu item. 5. Select the Unfolded View icon in the Projections toolbar from Generative Drafting Workbench. 6. This icon is a dded to the Projections toolbar provided the Sheet Metal workbench is present.Choose the xy plane in the Sheet Metal specification tree. The unfolded view is displayed with the planar swept wall axes. 7. Displaying Swept Walls Axes http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt0605. htm (2 of 2) 12/7/2001 51330 PM Unfolding Unfolded Sheet Metal parts can be displayed in two ways Folded/Unfolded View Access Concurrent Access Each Sheet Metal feature is created in a given view folded, or unfolded. Editing a feature must be done in its definition view. If not, a message is automatically issued, prompting you to change views, before editing the feature. Unfolding http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. oc/src/sheugbt1200. htm 12/7/2001 51330 PM Folded/Unfolded View Access This task shows how to unfold the part. 1. Click the Unfold icon . The part is unfolded according to the reference wall plane, as shown below. 2. Click this icon again to refold the part for the next task. B end limits and stamping are now displayed in the unfolded view. When designing in context, If a CATProduct document contains several SheetMetal parts, only one part can be visualized in the unfolded view at a time. Folded/Unfolded View Access http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1201. htm 12/7/2001 51330 PM Concurrent AccessThis task explains how to display the Sheet Metal part in two windows one with the folded view, one with the unfolded view. Any modification in one window is displayed in the other window. 1. Click the Multi-view icon . The part is unfolded in a second window. 2. Choose the Window - Tile Horizontally menu item. Both windows are tiled. Activate the window in which you want to work. Concurrent Access http//arbredsy/FmoCXR8/SheEnglish/sheug. doc/src/sheugbt1202. htm (1 of 2) 12/7/2001 51330 PM Any modification in one view is taken into account in the other view enabling the user to make modifications in the best possible context.In the multi-view mode as in the standard unfolded view, all constraints are displayed in the geometrical views. Once in the Multi-view mode, the standard icon Unfold is not longer available. The Multi-view function is not available from a standard unfolded view. Only parts with bends can be unfolded. Cutting faces and open faces are not displayed in Multi-view mode. Concurrent Access